JEE Main 2023 — Magnetic Properties Of Matter Question with Solution

When a bar magnet is released from rest along the axis of a very long vertical copper tube, it will move down with an almost constant speed after some time.

As the magnet falls, it moves through the copper tube, inducing eddy currents in the tube. These eddy currents, in turn, create an opposing magnetic field that opposes the motion of the magnet. The opposing force generated by the eddy currents acts as a damping force, which slows down the magnet's acceleration. Eventually, the magnet reaches a terminal velocity, at which point the gravitational force pulling the magnet downward is balanced by the opposing force from the eddy currents.

At this terminal velocity, the magnet moves down with an almost constant speed.