JEE Main 2023 — Structure Of Atom Question with Solution

Isoelectronic species are atoms, ions or molecules that have the same number of electrons. To find the isoelectronic species from the given set, we need to determine the number of electrons in each species.

The electron configuration of each species is:

- ${\mathrm{O}}^{2-}$: $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^6$, 10 electrons

- ${\mathrm{F}}^{-}$: $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^6$, 10 electrons

- $\mathrm{Al}$: $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^1$, 13 electrons

- ${\mathrm{Mg}}^{2+}$: $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^6$, 10 electrons

- ${\mathrm{Na}}^{+}$: $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^6$, 10 electrons

- ${\mathrm{O}}^{+}$: $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^3$, 7 electrons

- $\mathrm{Mg}$: $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^2$, 12 electrons

- ${\mathrm{Al}}^{3+}$: $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^6$, 10 electrons

- $\mathrm{F}$: $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^5$, 9 electrons